Python Tkinter 快速上手

想像一個介面如下

python 2.7 的範例如下
注意：

同一個視窗中如果使用grid()就不可使用 pack()，兩者選其一用即可D

import Tkinter as tk
import tkMessageBox
import ttk

class TKDemo():
def __init__(self, master=None):
self.rowCount=0#用這個row count，以免以後修改LAYOUT, 中間要插入新的列，新列之後的row都要改
self.root = master
self.createWidgets()


def createWidgets(self):
label1=tk.Label(self.root, text="First")
label2=tk.Label(self.root, text="Second" )

label1row = self.rowCount
label1.grid(row=label1row, sticky=tk.W)
self.rowCount += 1

label2row = self.rowCount
label2.grid(row=label2row, sticky=tk.W)
self.rowCount += 1


e1 = tk.Entry(self.root)
e2 = tk.Entry(self.root)


photo=tk.PhotoImage(file='ibtn.gif')#png, jpeg, 都不能用。
b=tk.Button(self.root, image=photo, text="ppp", relief=tk.RIDGE)
b.grid(row=label1row, column=2)
#b.config(image=photo)



e1.grid(row=label1row, column=1, sticky="we")#靠東靠西延伸
e2.grid(row=label2row, column=1, columnspan=2,  sticky="we")#長度為兩欄，靠東靠西延伸

seprow = self.rowCount
ttk.Separator(self.root,orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).grid(row=seprow, columnspan=3, sticky="we", pady=10)
self.rowCount += 1

var=tk.StringVar()
r1=tk.Radiobutton(self.root,text='Option A',variable=var,value='A')
r2=tk.Radiobutton(self.root,text='Option B',variable=var,value='B')
r3=tk.Radiobutton(self.root,text='Option C',variable=var,value='C')

r1row = self.rowCount
r1.grid(row=r1row, column=1, sticky=tk.W)
self.rowCount += 1

r2row = self.rowCount
r2.grid(row=r2row, column=1, sticky=tk.W)
self.rowCount += 1

r3row = self.rowCount
r3.grid(row=r3row, column=1, sticky=tk.W)
self.rowCount += 1

imageLabel = tk.Label(self.root, image = photo, relief=tk. SUNKEN)
imageLabel.image = photo #沒出現圖要加這行
imageLabel.grid(row=r2row, column=2)

canvas = tk.Canvas(self.root, width =400, height=400, relief=tk.SUNKEN)
xy = 10, 105, 100, 200
canvas.create_arc(xy, start=0, extent=270, fill='gray60')

canvas.create_polygon(0,0,0,400,400,400,400,0, fill='red')
canvas.create_arc(xy, start=270, extent=5, fill='gray70')
canvas.create_arc(xy, start=275, extent=35, fill='gray80')
canvas.create_arc(xy, start=310, extent=49, fill='gray90')
canvas.create_polygon(100,100,285,125,166,177,210,199,205,105, fill='white')

canvas.create_image(145, 280, image=photo, anchor=tk.CENTER)

canvasrow = self.rowCount
canvas.grid(row=canvasrow, column=1)
self.rowCount += 1

scale = tk.Scale(self.root, orient=tk.VERTICAL, length=400, from_=0, to=400,tickinterval=50, relief=tk.SUNKEN)

scale.grid(row=canvasrow, column=2, sticky='NE')


menu = tk.Menu(self.root)
self.root.config(menu=menu)

filemenu = tk.Menu(menu)
editmenu = tk.Menu(menu)

menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=filemenu)
menu.add_cascade(label="Edit", menu=editmenu)




filemenu.add_command(label="New", command=NewFile)
filemenu.add_command(label="Save as...", command=SaveAs)


editmenu.add_command(label="About", command=About)


def mainloop(self):
self.root.mainloop()

def NewFile():
tkMessageBox.showinfo("New", "Creat a new file...")

def SaveAs():
tkMessageBox.showinfo("Save as", "Save as...")

def About():
tkMessageBox.showinfo("About", "This is a tkinter demo.")


if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
app = TKDemo(master=root)

app.mainloop()

以下是python  中 Tkinter 的所有控件。大概一個2維 GUI 介面能用到的也就下方21種，非常夠用。

1. Label
2. Button
3. Radiobutton
4. Checkbutton
5. Entry
6. Frame
7. LabelFrame
8. Listbox
9. Text
10. Message
11. PanedWindow
12. Scrollbar
13. Scale
14. Spinbox
15. Menu
16. OptionMenu
17. Menubutton
18. Canvas
19. Image
20. Bitmap
21. Toplevel